Gitanjali Kashyap

Background: Solid tumors remain among the leading causes of global cancer mortality, with limited therapeutic options due to drug resistance, toxicity, and tumor heterogeneity. The convergence of nanomedicine and multi-omics technologies offers a novel strategy for precision oncology, enabling targeted drug delivery, biomarker-guided therapy, and improved monitoring of treatment response. Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence from 2019 to 2024 on the efficacy, safety, and biomarker integration of nanoparticle-enhanced therapeutics combined with multi-omics approaches in solid tumors, including liver, breast, lung, kidney, brain, and pancreatic cancers. Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies (2019–2024) reporting clinical or translational outcomes of nanoplatform-based therapies with omics-guided integration were included. Data were extracted on study design, sample size, tumor types, nanoparticle platforms, omics biomarkers, efficacy outcomes (response rates, progression-free survival [PFS], overall survival [OS]), and toxicity. Pooled analyses were performed using random-effects models. Results: A total of 62 studies comprising ~8,500 patients were included. Lipid-based (38%), polymeric (27%), inorganic (21%), and bioinspired/hybrid (14%) nanoplatforms were evaluated across multiple solid tumors. Pooled analysis demonstrated an improved overall response rate (ORR: 48% vs. 32%, pConclusions: Nanoparticle-enhanced therapeutics integrated with multi-omics approaches show significant promise in improving survival, reducing toxicity, and enabling biomarker-driven precision oncology in solid tumors. However, translational barriers—including tumor heterogeneity, blood–brain barrier penetration, and manufacturing scalability—must be overcome for widespread adoption. The future lies in AI-integrated, stimuli-responsive, bioinspired nanoplatforms guided by multi-omics data, supported by innovative trial designs to ensure clinical translation and equitable global access.

Biodegradable polymers have emerged as essential components in advanced drug delivery systems, enabling controlled, sustained, and site-specific therapeutic release while minimizing systemic toxicity. This comprehensive review covers the design principles, degradation mechanisms, and drug release dynamics of natural and synthetic biodegradable polymers such as PLGA, PCL, chitosan, and alginate. Their adaptability allows fabrication into nanoparticles, microspheres, hydrogels, and scaffolds tailored to various clinical needs, including cancer therapy, vaccine delivery, gene therapy, and tissue engineering. The review discusses hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation processes, surface versus bulk erosion behaviors, and factors influencing polymer degradation and drug release kinetics. Case studies highlight FDA-approved formulations leveraging these polymers for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. Challenges such as variability in degradation rates, formulation stability, manufacturing scale-up, and regulatory hurdles are addressed. Emerging frontiers in smart stimuli-responsive systems, hybrid polymers, AI-driven design, and personalized medicine underscore the future potential of biodegradable polymers as cornerstones of precision and sustainable therapeutics.

Background: Cancer remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, with conventional treatment strategies limited by systemic toxicity, therapeutic resistance, and tumor heterogeneity. The emergence of nanotechnology offers innovative solutions to these challenges, enabling targeted drug delivery, controlled release, and theranostic integration.Objective: This review synthesizes recent progress in cancer nanomedicine, highlighting therapeutic platforms, omics-driven personalization, and clinical translation between 2019 and 2024.Methos: We discuss the major classes of therapeutic nanoplatforms including lipid-based systems, polymeric nanocarriers, inorganic nanoparticles, and hybrid or bioinspired designs detailing their mechanisms of action in targeted delivery, photothermal therapy, and multimodal treatment. Advances in genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics are explored for their role in guiding nanocarrier design, with emphasis on artificial intelligence–enabled multi-omics integration for precision oncology. Clinical trial progress across liver, lung, pancreatic, breast, and brain cancers demonstrates improved tolerability, patient quality of life, and incremental survival gains, though translation remains constrained by tumor heterogeneity, blood–brain barrier penetration, scalability, cost, and regulatory hurdles.Conclusion: Cancer nanomedicine stands at a pivotal juncture advancing beyond incremental improvements to become a cornerstone of precision oncology. By uniting nanoscale engineering, multi-omics, artificial intelligence, and innovative clinical strategies, the field holds the potential to transform cancer therapy in the decade ahead.