Amita Singh Singh

Immunotherapy for cancer treatment has proved to be a very useful technique that helps to boost the immune responses of the host against cancer cells. In this study, the effectiveness of atezolizumab is assessed in Programmed Death-Ligand 1(PD-L1) Positive advanced cancers of Indians. This study was performed using a retrospective analysis on the clinical data of 120 patients that received atezolizumab treatment between 2021 and 2025. Patients with advanced solid malignancies such as non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC), hepaticellular carcinoma (HCC), and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) were included in this study. The RECIST 1.1 criteria and CTCAE Version 5.0 recommendations were used to assess the response to therapy, progression-free survival, overall survival, and adverse events linked to the immune system, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, chi-square testing, and descriptive statistics were all part of the statistical package. The results demonstrated that patients exhibiting elevated levels of PD-L1 had a substantially better chance of surviving. In total, 76.6% of people were able to keep the sickness at bay, whereas only 48.3% responded. Treatment response is strongly correlated with PD-L1 over-expression (χ² = 9.64, p = 0.002). Adverse reactions experienced by subjects in this study were mostly mild-to-moderate. It was concluded in this study that atezolizumab is an effective and safe immunotherapy drug for treating PD-L1-positive malignancies in Indians.

Infectious leucorrhoea is one of the most prevalent diseases of gynecologic nature involving infection of the reproductive system by fungi, bacteria, and parasites. Recurrent vaginal infections may lead to microbial cross-infections between male sex partners, adversely affecting sexual relations and intimate connections in the couple. This paper attempted to examine the problem of cross-infection, the state of urogenital health of men involved in the research, and the effect of infectious leucorrhoea on sexual arousal in both parties. A cross-sectional observational clinical study was carried out among 80 couples undergoing gynecology and urology clinics visits due to complaints of infectious vaginal discharge. Clinical evaluation, microbial investigation, laboratory tests, and questionnaire were used in the process of information collection. The results have shown that C. albicans was the most common pathogen among women in the sample group. Dysuria, balanitis, and penile irritation were found among men involved in the research, suggesting possible cross-infection from women. Sexual desire loss and avoidance behavior were noticed as well. Analysis of statistics indicates that there were highly significant relationships between infections with leucorrhoea, urogenital problems among men, and compromised sexual wellbeing (p