Post-Surgical Complications in Shoulder Joint Repair: An Integrative Systematic Review

This integrative systematic review investigates the frequency, nature, and risk factors of complications following shoulder joint repair, encompassing arthroscopic rotator cuff surgery, labral stabilization, and arthroplasty. Synthesizing evidence from the last decade, findings indicate that while these procedures are generally successful, surgical complications occur in approximately 5% to 10% of primary cases, rising significantly in revision settings. Arthrofibrosis (stiffness) and persistent pain emerge as the most prevalent issues across all techniques, whereas periprosthetic infection (notably Cutibacterium acnes) and implant loosening are critical concerns in arthroplasty. Medical and anesthetic complications, such as venous thromboembolism and nerve-related events, remain relatively rare but are strongly influenced by patient-specific factors like advanced age, smoking, and diabetes. The review concludes that preoperative optimization and a high index of suspicion for low-grade infections are essential for improving long-term patient satisfaction and surgical longevity.